I agree that incorporating visitors' and viewers' voices into object information, especially online, is a wonderful idea and a new possibility that internet connectivity brings to us. The Smithsonian does indeed do it, as does the Library of Congress on the Flickr Commons project. At times the stories are simple added dimensions of relationship to the object, but at other times there is new and very significant information that comes to light - photo IDs, clarification about the ritual use of an object, an expert making a new contact with a museum, etc.
Where I would stop short is in calling this sort of interaction "oral history." It's information sharing, but "oral history" is a specific term that means something within the professional context of historians working with sources.
In answer to the question: "Why would writing
a personal recollection on an open forum be any less legitimate than
speaking into a microphone?" The answer is that (a) it's not less legitimate, but (b) writing and speaking are not the same. The cognitive skills involved in writing, and the approaches people take as writers, are different from the skills and approaches used in speaking conversationally in an interview.
There's a tendency to view every phenomenon that finds a home on the web as "new," when in fact we have good analogues in the non-digital world that have been around a long time. A Flickr page with many comments on a single image is like a traditional gallery talk-back board - only a lot more people can see it. This kind of writing doesn't represent a "new" oral history, because oral history itself also takes place online now and can be archived and made available online. But it's still traditional oral history, just making use of new media, in the same way it made use of the new media of radio and then magnetic tape and then digital recording.
I'm all for using digital accessibility to gather information and make connections with objects. I just think we need to enhance our literacy for categorizing and dealing with this sort of information. Librarians and people in the academy are already developing systems for how to find, catalogue, and cite the different kinds of information that can now be found online. Those of us who develop exhibits, online or offline, can adapt some of their approaches and understand that each source of information and each method of gathering information produces different results and lends itself to different uses. Oral history interviews have their own set of characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and applications. So do presonal reminiscences crafted into pieces of writing. They are each their own kind of information, and give us their own kind of knowledge.
-----Original Message-----
From: Gene Jeffers [mailto:[log in to unmask]]
Sent: Tuesday, April 14, 2009 4:36 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: The new oral history?
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Of interest to this discussion might be the interactive "Re-tracing the
Past" exhibit developed for the Hunt Museum in Limerick, Ireland. The
museum presented four "mysterious" objects to museum visitors through
two fully interactive rooms, a Study Room and a Room of Opinion, both
including several hands-on interactive components. The Study Room
included known information about the objects that visitors could access;
in the Room of Opinion, participants could record in voice their own
theories and opinions about the objects, which were stored for future
visitors' use.
Finding ways (in situ and online) to engage museum visitors (venue or
online) in creating content will become increasingly important as
attractions, including museums, compete for visitors' time and
attention. Creating opportunities for guests to "own" part of the
content is a rich and often highly rewarding way to engage them and keep
them coming back for more.=20
Gene Jeffers
Executive Director, TEA
Representing the Creators of Compelling Places and Experiences
Tel: +1 818 843-8497 email: [log in to unmask] web:
www.TEAConnect.org
=20
From: Museum discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On
Behalf Of Perian Sully
Sent: Tuesday, April 14, 2009 1:26 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: Re: [MUSEUM-L] The new oral history?
=20
Dear Tim:
I won't comment on the copyright issues everyone has already addressed,
but coincidentally, yesterday we were just having a discussion about
this. We have an awful lot of artifacts from all over the world, and
only one curator to manage and research it. She is also not so
multicultural as to have in-depth knowledge about Chinese, Indian,
Moroccan, Middle-Eastern, German, French, and Argentinean Jewish
objects. Nor do we have an in-house knowledge of Aramaic, Chinese, etc.
Additionally, none of the staff have personal experiences to support or
illustrate the history of the objects.=20
One idea we're considering is to create a way in which people can share
their stories about similar objects, online. We're looking at forums,
wikis, blog posts, and commenting features on our collections online
portal. We already have a space where people can comment on our photos
and videos (Flickr and YouTube), but we'd like to somehow link those
stories to the collection.
In our view, our only "authority" as a public institution is the fact
that we have the primary source materials and access to scholars to help
us interpret them. We have the world to help fill in those huge gaps and
create other modes of discovery. Are they oral histories? I think so,
even if they're self-directed and "raw", from not being led through the
questioning process. Are they legitimate? You betcha. Why would writing
a personal recollection on an open forum be any less legitimate than
speaking into a microphone? The memories are the same, though you are
likely to get more detail using a skilled questioner.
I think I'm at risk of soapboxing again, so I'll stop now. This is a
topic of which I am rather fond :)
~Perian
Perian Sully
Collections Information Manager
Web Programs Strategist
The Magnes
Berkeley, CA
=20
From: Museum discussion list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] On
Behalf Of Timothy McShane
Sent: Monday, April 13, 2009 1:14 PM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: [MUSEUM-L] The new oral history?
=20
I was researching a particular artefact on-line last week (a
toy--specifically, trying to identify a toy rolling pin as one that may
have been an accessory for and Easy Bake Oven), and came across a
website where people were submitting their memories of their childhood
toys. There were some really good first-person accounts there; material
that would make compelling additions to an upcoming exhibit we have in
the works. I initially dismissed the possibility of using any of it,
though, thinking it's too bad that material didn't come from a
"legitimate" source. Over the weekend, though, I got to
reconsidering--are these reminiscences really that much different from
traditional oral history? Granted, there's no way to ask follow-up
questions to elicit further detail, and the site's user names
essentially makes the contributors anonymous--but does that have an
impact on the usefulness of the information in an exhibit? Sure,
there's no way to verify the accuracy/truthfulness of the stories, but
there often isn't any way to verify oral histories, either. I'm further
inclined to think that, due to the anonymous nature of the submissions,
that the people making them would be even less inclined to "embroider"
their recollections, as they really stand to gain nothing from it.
=20
Has anyone used such on-line material as first-hand accounts in
exhibits? I'd be inclined to think the material is copyrighted by the
web page, but is there any argument to be made that the individuals, by
submitting these stories to such a "public" space, are in fact making
their stories public domain?
=20
=20
=20
------------------------------------------------------------
Tim McShane, Assistant--Cultural History
Esplanade Museum
401 First Street SE
Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8W2
Tel: (403) 502-8587
[log in to unmask]
=20
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D Important
Subscriber Information:=20
The Museum-L FAQ file is located at
http://www.finalchapter.com/museum-l-faq/ . You may obtain detailed
information about the listserv commands by sending a one line e-mail
message to [log in to unmask] . The body of the message should
read "help" (without the quotes).=20
If you decide to leave Museum-L, please send a one line e-mail message
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Important Subscriber Information:
The Museum-L FAQ file is located at http://www.finalchapter.com/museum-l-faq/ . You may obtain detailed information about the listserv commands by sending a one line e-mail message to [log in to unmask] . The body of the message should read "help" (without the quotes).
If you decide to leave Museum-L, please send a one line e-mail message to [log in to unmask] . The body of the message should read "Signoff Museum-L" (without the quotes).
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<body lang=3DEN-US link=3Dblue vlink=3Dpurple =
style=3D'margin-left:3.0pt;margin-top:
3.0pt;margin-right:3.0pt;margin-bottom:.75pt'>
<div class=3DSection1>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Of interest to this discussion might be the interactive =
“Re-tracing
the Past” exhibit developed for the Hunt Museum in Limerick, =
Ireland. The
museum presented four “mysterious” objects to museum =
visitors through two fully
interactive rooms, a Study Room and a Room of Opinion, both including =
several hands-on
interactive components. The Study Room included known information about =
the
objects that visitors could access; in the Room of Opinion, participants =
could
record in voice their own theories and opinions about the objects, which =
were
stored for future visitors’ use.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Finding ways (in situ and online) to engage museum =
visitors
(venue or online) in creating content will become increasingly important =
as
attractions, including museums, compete for visitors’ time and =
attention.
Creating opportunities for guests to “own” part of the =
content is a rich and
often highly rewarding way to engage them and keep them coming back for =
more. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>Gene
Jeffers<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>Executive
Director, TEA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>Representing
the Creators of Compelling Places and Experiences<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497=
D'>Tel:
+1 818 843-8497 email: =
[log in to unmask] web: =
www.TEAConnect.org<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Museum =
discussion
list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Perian =
Sully<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, April 14, 2009 1:26 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> [log in to unmask]<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [MUSEUM-L] The new oral =
history?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Dear Tim:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I won’t comment on the copyright issues everyone =
has already
addressed, but coincidentally, yesterday we were just having a =
discussion about
this. We have an awful lot of artifacts from all over the world, and =
only one
curator to manage and research it. She is also not so multicultural as =
to have
in-depth knowledge about Chinese, Indian, Moroccan, Middle-Eastern, =
German,
French, and Argentinean Jewish objects. Nor do we have an in-house =
knowledge of
Aramaic, Chinese, etc. Additionally, none of the staff have =
personal
experiences to support or illustrate the history of the objects. =
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>One idea we’re considering is to create a way in =
which people
can share their stories about similar objects, online. We’re =
looking at forums,
wikis, blog posts, and commenting features on our collections online =
portal. We
already have a space where people can comment on our photos and videos =
(Flickr
and YouTube), but we’d like to somehow link those stories to the =
collection.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>In our view, our only “authority” as a public =
institution is the
fact that we have the primary source materials and access to scholars to =
help
us interpret them. We have the world to help fill in those huge gaps and =
create
other modes of discovery. Are they oral histories? I think so, =
even if
they’re self-directed and “raw”, from not being led =
through the questioning
process. Are they legitimate? You betcha. Why would writing a personal
recollection on an open forum be any less legitimate than speaking into =
a
microphone? The memories are the same, though you are likely to get more =
detail
using a skilled questioner.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>I think I’m at risk of soapboxing again, so =
I’ll stop now. This
is a topic of which I am rather fond :)<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>~Perian<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'=
>Perian
Sully<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'=
>Collections
Information Manager<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'=
>Web
Programs Strategist<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'=
>The
Magnes<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'=
>Berkeley,
CA<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt =
0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span>=
</b><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Museum =
discussion
list [mailto:[log in to unmask]] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Timothy =
McShane<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Monday, April 13, 2009 1:14 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> [log in to unmask]<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [MUSEUM-L] The new oral history?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>I was =
researching a
particular artefact on-line last week (a toy--specifically, trying to =
identify
a toy rolling pin as one that may have been an accessory for and Easy =
Bake
Oven), and came across a website where people were submitting their =
memories of
their childhood toys. There were some really good first-person =
accounts
there; material that would make compelling additions to an upcoming =
exhibit we
have in the works. I initially dismissed the possibility of using =
any of
it, though, thinking it's too bad that material didn't come from a
"legitimate" source. Over the weekend, though, I got to
reconsidering--are these reminiscences really that much different =
from
traditional oral history? Granted, there's no way to ask follow-up
questions to elicit further detail, and the site's user names =
essentially makes
the contributors anonymous--but does that have an impact on the =
usefulness of
the information in an exhibit? Sure, there's no way to verify the
accuracy/truthfulness of the stories, but there often isn't any way =
to
verify oral histories, either. I'm further inclined to think that, =
due to
the anonymous nature of the submissions, that the people making them =
would be
even less inclined to "embroider" their recollections, as =
they
really stand to gain nothing from it.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Has anyone =
used such
on-line material as first-hand accounts in exhibits? I'd be =
inclined to
think the material is copyrighted by the web page, but is there any =
argument to
be made that the individuals, by submitting these stories to such a
"public" space, are in fact making their stories public =
domain?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> <o:p><=
/o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>------------=
------------------------------------------------<br>
Tim McShane, Assistant--Cultural History<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin:0in;margin-bottom:.0001pt'><span
style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>Esplanade =
Museum<br>
401 First Street SE<br>
Medicine Hat, AB T1A 8W2<br>
Tel: (403) 502-8587<br>
[log in to unmask]<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
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style=3D'mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:
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Important Subscriber Information: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p>The Museum-L FAQ file is located at
http://www.finalchapter.com/museum-l-faq/ . You may obtain detailed =
information
about the listserv commands by sending a one line e-mail message to
[log in to unmask] . The body of the message should read =
"help"
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<p>If you decide to leave Museum-L, please send a one line e-mail =
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The Museum-L FAQ file is located at http://www.finalchapter.com/museum-l-faq/ . You may obtain detailed information about the listserv commands by sending a one line e-mail message to [log in to unmask] . The body of the message should read "help" (without the quotes).
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